Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman tabled the Economic Survey 2025–26 in the Lok Sabha on Thursday, a day after the Budget Session of Parliament began. Prepared by the Economic Division of the Department of Economic Affairs under the supervision of Chief Economic Adviser V Anantha Nageswaran, the Survey offers the government’s official assessment of the state of the economy and an outlook for the coming fiscal year.As in previous years, the Survey focuses on growth drivers, fiscal and external sector stability, inflation trends, employment, and the pace of structural reforms.Key takeaways from Economic Survery 2025-56➤ India’s growth momentum remains strong, with full-year real GDP growth expected in the range of 6.8 to 7.2 per cent in 2026-27, a tad lower than 7.4 per cent estimated in the current fiscal➤ Inflation is contained and anchored, with subdued core inflation indicating improving supply-side conditions➤ The Survey flags a paradox: strong domestic fundamentals but persistent external vulnerability, especially via capital flows and currency pressures➤ Fiscal consolidation continues: FY25 deficit came in at 4.8 per cent of GDP, better than budgeted, with a 4.4 per cent target for FY26➤ Concern raised over state-level fiscal populism, rising revenue deficits, and unconditional cash transfers crowding out capital expenditure➤ Weak state finances increasingly affect sovereign borrowing costs, as investors assess general government finances, not just the Centre➤ Rupee a casualty of foreign capital flows drying up; Indian currency underperformed in 2025
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